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Search Result For 'nervous system' , Result Number : 5

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Mostafa Khamies Sultan Farag
- Faculty Research Area On Zu Site
- Faculty Research Area On Staff Site
Synthesis and biological screening of new derivatives of 2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one and benzotriazepin- 5(2H)-one for centralnervous system activity
Hossam Mohamed Edrees
- Faculty Research Area On Zu Site
- Faculty Research Area On Staff Site
Nervous system physiology
Ghada Mohamed Nabil Elsayed
- Faculty Research Area On Zu Site
- Faculty Research Area On Staff Site
THE SUB CHRONIC TOXIC EFFECT OF VOODOO EXTRACT ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN ADULT ALBINO RATS
Nadya ebasiry Elsayed
- Faculty Research Area On Zu Site
- Faculty Research Area On Staff Site
Background: The cerebellum is the second largest part of the mammalian brain. It is a key regulator of coordinated sensory and musculoskeletal actions. The cerebellar cortex has a striking morphology consisting of folia and fissures and a variety of cells which are morphologically and functionally different, so it’s considered as an ideal model to study the development of the central nervous system in the mammals. The Objectives: The aim of this work was to study the prenatal and postnatal development of the albino rat cerebellar cortex considering its structure and maturation. Material And Methods: 35 healthy, non-pregnant female and 18 male albino rats weighing (200-250 g) were obtained from the animal house, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. After mating and pregnancy, the rat embryos and offsprings were divided into 3 groups and 6 subgroups; Group A (11th, 16th&20th fetal rats), Group B (7th, 14th &21st postnatal days rats) and Group C (3 months old rats). The fetal rats (11th and 16th) were fixed as whole, while the remaining prenatal, postnatal and adult rats were dissected to obtain cerebella, which were processed for light and electron microscopic examinations, morphometric and immunohistochemical studies. Results: Albino rats at prenatal day 11 (E11) showed formation of the neural tube from the ectodermal layer. Albino rats at prenatal day 16 (E16) showed a demarcated cerebellar anlage (rhombic lip ( at the dorsal part of the metencephalon. The cerebellar cortex at prenatal day 20 (E 20) showed appearance of the general architecture. From outwards to inwards, it consisted of external granular, molecular, Purkinje cell, internal granular layers. Thickness of the external granular layer was maximum at postnatal day 7 (D7) then gradually decreased with age till disappearance in adult age. The molecular layer showed a gradual increase in thickness with age till reaching its maximum size at adult stage. Purkinje cells at (E20) and (D7) were not arranged in a definite layer. It appeared as a single layer between the molecular and internal granular layer at D14, D21 and adult. The internal granular was consisted of scattered small granule cells at E20 and D7. At D14 the internal granular layer became well differentiated and distinguished from the white matter. Immunohistochemistry showed a negative reaction for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) at E11 and E16. The first positive reaction for GFAP appeared at E20 then gradually increased till adult group. Conclusion: The study concluded that the cerebellar cortex undergoes differentiation and maturation during late prenatal and early postnatal ages early postnatal ages till the third week of life, corresponding to nearly the seventh postnatal month in human. Therefore the development of the cerebellum is very critical and sensitive during these periods makes it susceptible to malformationPRENATAL AND POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES OF THE CEREBELLAR CORTEX IN ALBINO RATS
Nahla Hassan Ahmed Gad
- Faculty Research Area On Zu Site
- Faculty Research Area On Staff Site
© 2019 Indian Journal of Otology | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow90AbstractOriginal ArticleintroduCtionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Disseminated neurological symptoms caused by acute and chronic inflammation include loss or alteration of sensation (numbness, paresthesia), of motor function (typically spastic paresis or complete paralysis), visual symptom such as blurring of vision, transient blindness, disorder of conjugate eye movements, bladder, bowel dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. MS patients require enduring medical and rehabilitative care. Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms reported by patients with MS, which is reported to affect between 50% and 80% of patients.[1]The diagnosis of MS is based on representing evidence of inflammatory-demyelinating harm within the CNS that is disseminated in both time and space. Diagnosis is through a combination of the clinical history, neurologic examination, magnetic resonance imaging, and the exclusion of other diagnostic possibilities. Other so-called “para-clinical” tests, including the examination of the cerebrospinal fluid, the usage of evoked potentials, urodynamic studies of bladder function, and ocular coherence tomography, may be helpful in forming the diagnosis of MS, but are often unnecessary.[2]MS is characterized by episodes (“attacks” or “relapses”) of neurologic dysfunction. The symptoms caused by these attacks vary significantly between patients and depend on the site of neurologic involvement. Commonly, patients may complain of numbness, tingling, weakness, vision loss, gait impairment, incoordination, imbalance, and bladder dysfunction. Between these attacks, in the relapsing-remitting (RR) phase of the illness, patients are neurologically stable.[3]Many patients who begin with RRMS progress to the secondary progressive phase of the illness, in which they have marked worsening of function and increasing of neurologic disability not related to any acute attacks that may or may not occur. About 66% of RRMS patients developed SPMS at an average time of 15 years,[4] while in a British Columbia cohort study, 58% of patients with relapsing MS advanced to SPMS after an average time of 19.1 years.[5]Objectives: To evaluate central auditory functions in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Subjects and Methods: Twenty Egyptian MS patients involved in the study and 20 healthy controls who were matched to MS group in age, gender, and literacy. They ranged in age from 30 to 50 years with a mean age 37.6 ± 5 in the study group versus 37.3 ± 4.2 in the control group. In this study, four screening tests were conducted for the assessment of central auditory processing: Gaps In Noise test (GIN), Arabic dichotic digits test (DDT), Pitch Pattern Sequence test (PPS), and last Arabic Speech In Noise test (SPIN). Results: The study showed elevated GIN test approximate threshold and depressed total score in MS patients compared to the control group, with no significant difference between both right and left ears. There was statistical significant depressed scores in study groups at PPS, speech intelligibility in noise, and DDTs. Conclusion: The findings of the current study add more evidence to the involvement of central auditory processing abilities in patients with MS. The assessment of central auditory function is highly recommended for all MS patients as a routine examination and can be used for monitoring the effectiveness of medication and related therapies for these patients